20160819 Erin Chung 17個家庭食物儲藏常犯的錯誤 - 摩爾門教 http://momenjiao.com/2016/08/19/%e5%ae%b6%e5%ba%ad%e9%a3%9f%e7%89%a9%e5%84%b2%e8%97%8f%e5%b8%b8%e7%8a%af%e7%9a%84%e9%8c%af%e8%aa%a4/
20160819 Erin Chung 17個家庭食物儲藏常犯的錯誤 - 摩爾門教
在真正緊急狀況下，如果整個社區都陷入災難當中，沒有人能夠前來拯救我們。政府、教會領袖、先知，以及緊急應變組織都告訴我們要做準備──並做好心理準備，在大災難發生之後，有至少72小時我們都得靠自己，甚至可能延長到數天或數星期。
應付天然災害是一回事，面對我們準備的東西逐漸減少又是另一回事。食物儲藏與急難準備需要計畫、繼續教育，以及知道我們不斷在變的需求。在這個經濟不穩定的時代當中，我們比以往更迫切需要去過一個自立的生活，並且隨時管理好我們家庭的急難計畫。不要在災難來臨時才去想：「我做錯了什麼？」。以下是17個使我們的努力功虧一簣常犯的錯。
1. 動作太快
沒錯，我們馬上開始，直接開始急難準備──在你教育好自己以前，花上千塊去買現成的東西。或是……慢下來。花點時間了解你的需求。我們都計畫同樣的東西：食物、水、遮蔽物、衛生消毒用品，以及醫療需求。我們準備的挑戰可能會有所不同。有些住在地震頻繁的國家，有些住在颱風或颶風途徑上的地方、有些在龍捲風山谷，有些則是為暴風雪或是斷電準備。這些都不重要。我們儲存的東西會一樣，但是有一些優先順序與比例上的不同。我們應付這種急難狀況所需要的知識是辨別、研究，以及規劃。在你採買之前分析你的家庭的需求。製作一張清單，在你買任何東西之前，計畫並為優先順序作預算。
2. 跟著別人的計畫
網路上充滿許多不同的計畫。要小心。一個常見的計畫，是要你每個星期花一兩百塊錢，並給你一張每個星期的購買清單，挑戰你在一年之內買好這些東西。要小心去看這些清單。有些清單甚至只有幾瓶花生醬，還有幾個鮪魚罐頭提供蛋白質，完全沒有蔬菜或水果。我們要儲存所有食物類別，那也應該一直都是你的目標。即使有依照Totally Ready臉書網頁的建議，你和你最好的朋友也可能一起努力並互相鼓勵，你還是能夠選擇你的家庭喜歡的水果，而你們兩家所選的水果也不見得會一樣。每個家庭都有獨特的儲存計畫，也應該要有。依照你自己的計畫也讓你能為你家庭中有特殊飲食需求的人準備，而且只有你能為這些家庭成員決定要儲藏哪些食物。再次聲明，想想食物種類。
3. 想要省事
在房地產市場的人會說：地點、地點、地點。在食物儲藏方面，是多樣、多樣、多樣。在你製作一張食物與生活用品的清單時，請記住，多樣性是維持近可能正常生活的關鍵。你可以找到許多清單，告訴你要儲存多少的麥片之類的東西，但是如果你的家庭討厭吃麥片呢？還記得當你告訴你的母親，你很喜歡烤肉口味的洋芋片，她就把它加進你的便當裡面，然後一個月之後，你把它拿去和別人交換口味嗎？
不要犯下儲存大量特定一種食物。你可能會享受這些，但是如果你有其他人到你的家裡避難，他們不見得會喜歡。孩子也可能會叛逆而拒絕吃這些食物。與其最後有一大堆不常吃的食物，不如計畫包含多種不同食物。
4. 忽略營養需求
再次聲明，想想看食物類別。當你在列購物清單時，確保你的計畫中有所有的食物類別。每個類別都提供不同的營養需求。你應該要設計你自己的清單，包括穀類、蛋白質、水果與蔬菜、奶類，以及油脂。請務必記住多樣性──但是這次要想想顏色。水果有許多種。橘色的水果提供的營養有別於藍色與紫色的水果。
5. 忘記調味料
要記得加入一些像是醃黃瓜、莎莎醬……等等的東西。
6. 忘記包含非食物的用品
清潔用品、衛生紙、個人清潔用品、藥品、寵物用品，以及消毒的東西，都是一個成功的儲藏計畫，也是真正自立生活所必需的。
7. 忽視儲存環境
所有服務，甚至罐頭裡面的穀物與脫水食物，都應該被儲存在家中陰涼與乾燥的地方。溫度應該要保持在攝氏25度以下，更理想的是在攝氏20度以下。為你家中不同的區域取新名字，打破你已經習慣的模式。衣櫃可以被重新命名為穀倉。放床單的櫃子可以想成衛生紙與藥品櫃。法律上沒有規定，靠近門口的地方一定要被當成掛外套的地方，雖然掛外套很好，但是被用來作為保護你的急難準備物品也很好。幾分鐘之後，你可以添加幾個架子，讓這個儲存空間有更好的利用價值。雖然你可能要多花幾分鐘的時間到房間拿外套，但是這個付出是值得的。
8. 包裝不良
針對特殊飲食需求 的食物儲藏紙袋、紙張與紙箱都不是長期儲存食物的好材料。如果你要長期儲存一樣食物，總是要把食物放在金屬、塑膠或玻璃容器內。除了特別的塑膠桶以外，塑膠應該是最後的選擇。理想的容器是要能夠防潮濕，並且不會被害蟲，像是老鼠或昆蟲，破壞。
9. 忽視安撫心理的東西
是的，巧克力、糖果，還有爆米花都在食物儲藏計畫中都佔有一席之地。你知道爆米花也是你想要準備用來磨成粗玉米粉的玉米嗎？真正的爆米花，不是那種微波爐用的爆米花。
在有壓力的時候，安撫性的食物可以成為將孩子從哭鬧不停轉變成幫手的催化劑。這是在災難中延續家庭食物傳統的機會。即使在困難時刻當中也能過生日，一個生日蛋糕確實可以提振人心。
10. 儲藏你不知道如何烹調的食物
如果你不知道如何烹調，世界上所有的食物對你來說都沒有用。你可能會有一個鄰居或朋友知道如何烤麵包或煮豆子，但是當災難來臨時，如果你計畫請你的朋友幫忙，你最好準備兩家人都夠吃的食物。
11. 沒有準備適當的器材
如果你沒有研磨的機器，那麼儲存麥子除了煮來吃以外，沒辦法做成三明治麵包，所以那你為什麼要儲存花生醬與果醬呢？如果你沒有電力，你有足夠的能力去烹煮食物，或是你至少有一些你可以直接食用的食物嗎？另一個問題，你有不是電動的開罐器嗎？
12. 做過頭！
不論你是一次購買，或是計畫每一週的預算慢慢買，永遠不要一次買很多同一個食物類別的食物。把你的錢分散在所有的食物類別中，如果你的預算有限，先買一天中所需要的所有東西，接著一個星期、接著一個月……等等。如果急難狀況在你來得及加入花生醬與果醬之前來臨，一百公斤的小麥是不會讓人太開心的。
13. 低估水的重要性
在急難準備計畫中，水經常被小看，或是少估了所需要的量。當你設計你的計畫時，請注意，脫水與冷凍乾燥食物需要額外的水去恢復與烹煮。請記住，你需要水飲用、沖洗、清潔、洗衣服與烹調。不要忘記動物也是家庭成員，在計算儲水的分量時要把牠們算進去。
經常被忽略的液體來源是你應該要儲存的罐頭裝的水果與蔬菜，這也是你要儲存這類食物，而非只有乾燥食物的原因。除此之外，你已經知道如何使用罐頭食物，孩子們也比較適應它們的味道與口感。
14. 把你的儲藏放在地下室然後忘了它們！
或是你可能會想到要定期更換你的食物與其他的日常用品。這是到目前為止，人們所犯的最大錯誤。它們用完然後購買新的食物儲藏，但是這些食物不是他們習慣吃的，因此，他們不會煮這些食物，也不會更換。幾年之後，他們就只是把這些東西丟掉。你一定要輪替你的食物儲藏、醫療用品，甚至清潔用品。所有東西都有保存期限。如果這些東西最後都進垃圾桶，那麼你花的這些精力與錢又有什麼意義呢？
15. 誰會需要日期和標籤？
當你買食物時，在罐頭上面貼上購買的月份與年分標籤。這會幫助你確保先使用最舊的食品。罐頭食品在過期後兩年內並不會失去營養價值，所以你在購買後至少有兩年的時間從你三個月的用品中用掉它們。
16. 不知道你有哪些東西
製作一個存貨系統，這樣你能夠追蹤你儲存的東西。設計一張表，或拿一張舊的紙與鉛筆，記錄下你有的東西，這樣你才知道你還需要什麼。一旦你完成紀錄你三個月吃的東西後，之後的事情就會很簡單，因為你只需要在冰箱上記錄下每次你用掉的東西，這樣就能知道你需要買什麼東西以維持你三個月的儲存量。
17. 把所有東西都放在床底下
如果你的家被天然災害襲擊，有些房間可能會毀損，有些則安然無恙。如果你把你的儲存分散開來，你可能還有機會挽救部分物品。悲觀一點來想，如果有人到你的家裡想偷東西，他們可能會找到你一部份的存糧，拿了就離開。或者，如果你收留需要幫助的陌生人，你帶他到你存一部分東西的地方與他分享，他們能拿他們要的東西，而剩下的東西就能安全地不被看見，以免他們與其他不可信的人討論你的慷慨。
一旦認清這些準備的問題，我們能夠避免這些常見的絆腳石，使我們的家庭儲藏按計畫進行、維持好的平衡，並且為可能發生的意外做好準備。這些都有賴我們計劃、作預算、組織，並盡最大努力與意念去準備並變得自立。
沒有臉書帳號的朋友，我們這麼儲存：
第一週：每位家庭成員有2.5公斤的蛋白質
第二週：每位家庭成員有5個罐頭水果
第三週：調味料（醃黃瓜之類的食品），三個月的量
臉書追蹤卡洛琳的急難準備與食物儲藏小技巧：Totally Ready（英文網頁）https://www.facebook.com/TotallyReady
原始文章：Seventeen Ways to Sabotage Your Family Food Storage Plan，作者：Carolyn Nicolaysen
20150728 Seventeen Ways to Sabotage Your Family Food Storage Plan _ Meridian Magazine http://ldsmag.com/seventeen-ways-to-sabotage-your-family-food-storage-plan/
20150728 Seventeen Ways to Sabotage Your Family Food Storage Plan _ Meridian Magazine
In a real emergency, no one is going to ride in and rescue us if the calamity involves the whole community. Government, church leaders, prophets, and emergency response organizations all tell us to prepare – and to expect that in the aftermath of a disaster we will be on our own for 72 hours at least, and possibly for days or weeks after that.
Coping with natural disasters is one thing – coping with a slow drain on our back-up reserves is another. Food storage and emergency preparations require planning, continuing education, and awareness of our changing needs. In this time of downsizing and economic disappointment, it is more urgent than ever before in our lifetime that we commit to self-reliance and stay on top of our family emergency plan. Don’t be left wondering when that crisis comes, “what have I done?” Here are 17 ways we could be sabotaging our own best efforts.
1.Move too fast – that’s right, just go right ahead and jump into emergency preparedness – blow a thousand bucks on off-the-shelf solutions before you’ve educated yourself. Or… Slow down. Take the time to understand your needs. We are all planning for the same things: food, water, shelter, hygiene, sanitation, and medical needs. The challenges we are preparing for may differ. Some live in earthquake country, some in the path of hurricanes, some in tornado alley, some for ice storms or power outages. It really doesn’t matter. The items we store will be the same, but with slightly different priorities and proportions. The knowledge we need to deal with such emergencies is a matter of awareness, study, and organization. Analyze what your family needs before you begin purchasing. Create a list, plan and budget for priorities before buying anything.
2.Follow someone else’ plan There are many plans floaing around on the Inernet. Be careful. A common plan challenges you to spend five or ten dollars a week for a year and provides you with a list of items to purchase each week. Take a careful look at those lists. One such list included only a few jars of peanut butter and a few cans of tuna for protein and no veggies or fru We have already discussed storing from all the food groups and that should always be your goal. Even with the plan we are following on the Totally Ready facebook page you have the option of choosing the fruits your family likes and while you and your best friend may be working together and encouraging each other, each week their fruits will not be the same ones you choose for your family. Each plan will be unique to the family storing, or at least it sould be. Following your own plan also allows you to consider any special dietary needs in your family and only you can determine what to store for those family members. Again, think food groups.
3.Look for the easy fix. They say in real estate it is location, location, location. In food storage it is variety, variety, variety. As you create a list of foods and supplies to store, remember that variety is key to maintaining a lifestyle as normal as possible. You can find many lists that will tell you to store X amount of oats for example, but what if your family hates oatmeal? Remember when you told your mom you loved barbecued potato chips and she put them in your lunch every day? Remember how, after a month, you traded them for a new taste?
Do not make the mistake of storing large amounts of specialty foods. You may enjoy these, but if you have others evacuating to your home they may not. Children may also rebel and refuse to eat. Instead of ending up with foods that are unfamiliar, plan to include a variety of foods.
4.Ignore nutritional needs. Again, think about Food Groups. When creating your shopping list, be sure to incorporate all of the food groups into your plan. Each group provides a different nutritional need. You should design your list to include grains, proteins, fruits and vegetables, dairy, and fats. Again – remember variety – but this time think color. Fruits are not created equal. Orange fruits provide different nutrients than blue and purple fruits.
5.Forgetting spices and condiments. No problem here if you are following along on facebook. We have a weeks set aside for these essential items. In fact, last week was pickles, relish, olives and salsa.
6.Fail to include non-food essentials. Cleaning supplies, toiletries, personal hygiene products, medications, pet needs, and sanitation needs are all essential for a successful storage plan, one that is truly self-reliant. We are concentrating this year on this on facebook each week.
7.Ignore a sensible storage strategy. All foods, even grains in cans and dehydrated foods, should be stored in a cool, dark, and dry area of your home. Temperatures should remain at under 80 degrees on the worst days, and hopefully below 70 degrees for optimal storage. Create new names for the areas of your home to break the mindset that you have become used to. The coat closet can be renamed the grain pantry. The linen closet can be thought of as the toiletries and medications cupboard. There is no law that declares a home must have a coat closet by the front door, though it is nice to have one, It is also nice to protect your preparedness investment. In a few minutes, you can add a few shelves and make storage spaces much more valuable areas of your home. It may take a few more minutes to grab a coat from your bedroom closet, but it might just be worth the effort.
8. Improper packaging. Paper bags, paper and cardboard are not good for storing food long term. If you are storing for long term always tranfer food to metal, plastic or glass containers. Plastic, except for buckets, should be your last choice. You want containers that are moisture proof and safe from the ravages of pests like mice and insects.
9.Overlook comfort items. Yes – chocolate, candy, and popcorn all have their place in a good, well constructed food storage plan. Did you know popcorn is also the corn you will want on hand to grind for corn meal? Real popcorn, not the microwave variety.
During a time of stress, comfort foods can provide the catalyst that transforms kids from whiners to helpers. This is a chance to continue family food traditions in a crisis. Birthdays come even during difficult times, and a birthday cake can really lift the spirits.
10.Storing foods you do not know how to prepare. All the food in the world will do you no good if you can not prepare it. You may have a neighbor or friend who knows how to bake bread and soak beans but when the tme comes you better have enough stored for both families if you plan to ask for the friend’s help.
11.Failing to have the proper equiment. If you don’t have a wheat grinder what good is wheat, except for use as a cereal but that won’t make much of a peanut butter and jelly sandwich, so why are you storing peanut butter and jelly? Do you have the ability to cook those foods off the grid if you should be without power or do you have at least some foods that can be eaten right from the can? Which begs the question, do you have a can opener that is not electric?
12.Overdo it! Whether you purchase all at once or create a weekly budget and purchase over time, never purchase too much of just one food group. Always spread your money between all the groups and if you are on a limited budget get a one day supply of everything, then a one week, them a one month and so on. Three hundred pounds of wheat is not going to be satisfactory if that emergency arrives before you add the peanut butter and jelly to make the sandwiches.
13.Underestimate the value of water. Water is often the overlooked or under planned element in a preparedness plan. When designing your plan be aware that dehydrated and freeze dries foods need extra water to reconstitute and prepare. Remember, you need water for drinking, flushing, cleaning, laundry and cooking. Don’t forget pets are family members too and need to be counted when calculating how much water to store.
Often overlooked sources of liquids are the canned fruits and vegetables you should be storing and this is precisely the reason for storing them instead of the dried varieties. Additionally, you already know how to use canned varieties and the kids are used to their taste and texture.
14.Put your storage in the basement and forget it! Or, you might consider the importance of rotating your food and other supplies on a regular basis. This is by far the biggest mistake most people make. They run out and purchase food storage and it is not what they are accustomed to eating, therefore, they do not cook with it and they do not rotate it. What they do after a few years, is throw it away. You must rotate your food storage, medical supplies and even cleaning supplies. All have a shelf life. What good is all this hard work and money invested if it all ends up in the dumpster?
15.Who needs dates and labels, anyway? When you purchase foods, label them with the month and year purchased on top of the can. This will ensure you are always using the oldest first. Canned goods do not lose nutritional value for at least two years after the expiration date so you will have at least two years from date of purchase to rotate through your three month supply.
16.Lose track of what you have. Create an inventory system so you can keep track of what you are storing. Design a spread sheet or get out the good old paper and pencil and record what you have so you know what you still need. Once you have completed your three month supply of the foods you eat this can be as simple as a paper on the fridge where you record items each time you use them up so you know how many you need to purchase to maintain your supply at the three month level.
17.Put it all under the bed. If you have a natural disaster strike your home, some rooms may be destroyed while others are untouched. If you have spread out your storage you may be able to salvage at least part of your supplies. Thinking a little more negatively, should someone enter your home with the intent to steal, they may find some of your stash and be satisfied and leave. Or, if you take a needy stranger to one area of your storage with the intent of sharing, they can take what they need while the rest will remain safely unnoticed, just in case they discuss your generosity with others who are not so trustworthy.
Once aware of these preparedness hazards, we can avoid these common stumbling blocks and keep our family storage plan on track, in balance, and ready for whatever may come our way. It’s all in the way we plan, budget, organize, and keep track of our best efforts and intentions to prepare and be self-reliant.
For those without facebook access we have stored:
Week one: 5 pounds of protein per family member
Week two: 5 cans or pints of fruit per family member
Week three: Pickles, Olives, Relish and Salsa, enough for three months.
Follow Carolyn’s preparedness and food storage tips at: https://www.facebook.com/TotallyReady
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